[ENG] [Culture] Korean poetry

=====History of Korean poetry=====
The history of Korean poetry began during the Three Kingdoms period.
However, poetry at that time was in the form of simple songs or poems.
During the Goryeo Dynasty, poetry gradually developed and became a popular literary genre.

During the Joseon Dynasty, poetry developed further as politics and culture developed.
During this period, Sijo, one of the four major literary systems, developed along with calligraphy, music, and art.
This oral poem has a certain rhyme and spacing pattern, and it was a poem that was used daily in the private sector.
Later, in the Goryeo Dynasty, representative poets such as Gochang-gun, Lee Cheon-jang, and Noh Hee-cho appeared as literary activities of the Kwon Mun-sejok.
In the Joseon Dynasty, popular poets appeared as Sijo and Siunhoe appeared.
Since then, poems of various themes and formats, such as those of kings and those of literary men, have been written.

=====Types of Korean poetry=====
Korean poetry is generally divided into classical poetry and modern poetry.

Classical poetry refers to the poetry of the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties,
Representative examples include Lee San's 'Foreword' and Yoon Dong-ju's 'Sky, Wind, Stars and Poetry'.
On the other hand, modern poetry is poetry that has developed since the 20th century,
Lee Byung-ryul's 'Vacancy', Cho Ji-hoon's 'To be forgotten', and Shin Gyeong-sook's 'Unbearable Lightness of Being' are representative examples.
There are various types of Korean poetry, including lyrics, spirit, impression poetry, self-portrait, and landscape poetry.
The lyrics deal with everyday topics such as love, separation, and beautiful nature, while the spirit deals with historical stories and legends.
Impression poetry emphasizes nature or human emotions, and self-portrait deals with the inner world of the poet.
Finally, canon poetry is poetry that describes natural scenery.

=====Representative Korean poet=====
As a representative poet of Korean poetry,
Lee Sang, Shin Chae-ho, Park Mok-wol, Yoon Dong-ju, and Kim So-wol.
These poets are credited with playing a major role in the development of Korean poetry by presenting popular themes and new forms of poetry.
A representative poem of Korean poetry is
'White Shadow' by Sowol Kim
Yoon Dong-joo's 'Sky, Wind, Stars and Poetry',
Lee Sang's 'longing', Jo Ji-hoon's 'To be forgotten',
Shin Kyung-sook's 'The Unbearable Lightness of Being'.
As representative works of Korean poetry, these poems were loved by the public and played a major role in the history and development of Korean poetry.

=====Features of Korean Poetry=====
A representative characteristic of Korean poetry is that it is composed of themes such as nature, human beings, life, love, and sadness.
In addition, Korean poetry is generally divided into classical poetry and modern poetry, and classical poetry is usually used to know under what circumstances the poetry appeared.
A characteristic of Korean poetry is that nature and human life are the main subjects in most cases.
In addition, the constituent elements of poetry include phonology, form, content, and aesthetic expression, and in the case of Chinese poetry, phonological,
There are significant formal restrictions.
Korean themes and patterns such as nature and human beings and folk customs
Korean poetry is characterized by dealing with Korean themes and patterns, such as nature, human beings, and folk customs.
These motifs and patterns reflect Korea's history, culture, tradition, and folklore.
3/4/4/3 meter and regular syllable system
Korean poetry generally uses the rhyme 3/4/4/3.
These rhymes have regular rhyme patterns and in Korean poetry generally follow the Sajo system.
This system of thoughts is the most basic compositional principle of Korean poetry, and determines the overall mood and sensibility of poetry.
Emotional expression and poetic symbolism
Korean poetry is characterized by conveying poetic emotions and impressions through emotional expression and poetic symbolization.
This expression method induces the reader's imagination and free interpretation, and plays a role in stimulating the reader's thoughts and emotions.
Ethical values and human dignity
Korean poetry is often characterized by an emphasis on ethical values and human dignity.
These values and human dignity originate from Korea's traditional perceptions and ideologies, and appear in many works of Korean poetry.
A fusion of popular form and literary character
Korean poetry appeals to a broad readership through its fusion of popular form and literary quality.
These characteristics appear in both the creation and acceptance of Korean poetry, and play a role in satisfying the popularity and literary value of Korean poetry at the same time.
Use of proverbs and idioms, etc.
Korean poetry frequently uses proverbs and idioms. These expressions reflect the characteristics and cultural characteristics of the Korean language.
Harmony of realistic expression and imagination
Korean poetry usually expresses realistic experiences in poetic language, but is characterized by adding imagination.
This gives readers a unique appreciation by colliding their experiences and imaginations in the poem.
Sentence structure similar to singing
Korean poetry is characterized by an emphasis on rhyme and tonality, and thus the sentence structure has similar characteristics to singing.
 Therefore, at the end of each sentence, the rhyme and musical flow must be taken into account.
Main themes include nature, people, and cities
Korean poetry deals with major themes in life, such as nature, people, and cities, and often depicts nature as a landscape
This is the result of reflecting the value of respecting and loving nature in Korean culture.
Write poetry using HangulKorean poetry is written in Hangeul, and the writer must write the poem considering its unique pronunciation and linguistic characteristics.
This is one of the characteristics that differentiates poetry from other countries.

=====End=====
So far, the history and types of Korean poetry, representative poets and representative poems,
We discussed the characteristics of Korean poetry.
Korean poetry has developed into various forms and themes along with changes in history and culture.
In particular, it is characterized by frequent handling of contents such as nature and people, life and death.
Among the works of representative poets, the poems of Kim So-wol, Yoon Dong-ju, Jeong Ji-yong, and Cho Ji-hoon are representative works of Korean poetry.
They contain their own poetic techniques and aesthetic elements, and are loved by many.